REKONSTRUKSI EPISTEMOLOGIS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʿah Dari Era Profetik Hingga Utsmaniyah
Keywords:
Islamic Education, Historical Evolution, Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, Civilization, Epistemological IntegrationAbstract
This study aims to reconstruct the epistemological journey and structural transformation of Islamic education from the era of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to the Ottoman Caliphate. Amidst the identity crisis and dualism of modern education, understanding historical evolution is crucial for rediscovering the spirit of knowledge integration. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach and library research, this study utilizes the Prophetic–Civilizational Educational Framework (PCEF) and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah methodology. The findings indicate that Islamic education evolved from a revelation-centered tazkiyah pedagogy in the prophetic era, to the institutionalization of knowledge during the Khulafāʾ al-Rāsyidīn, reaching its peak of intellectual cosmopolitanism in the Abbasid era through the synthesis of naql (text) and ‘aql (context). However, during the Ottoman period, modernization efforts via bureaucratization introduced a paradox of educational dualism that separated tradition from science. This research concludes that the revitalization of contemporary Islamic education requires an epistemological integration that positions revelation as a guide for rationality to achieve holistic maṣlaḥah (public interest). The implications of this study emphasize the necessity of deconstructing dichotomous curricula toward an integrative-prophetic educational model.
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